Leigh Hunt, Friend of Keats, Byron, and Shelley, and Author of "Jenny Kissed Me"
< P > J a m e s H e n r y L e i g h H u n t w a s a 1 9 t h c e n t u r y e s s a y i s t , c r i t i c , p o e t , a n d p u b l i s h e r . M a n y E n g l i s h p o e t s a n d w r i t e r s w e r e c o n t e m p o r a r i e s o f L e i g h H u n t , i n c l u d i n g J o h n K e a t s , L o r d B y r o n , P e r c y B y s s h e S h e l l e y , S a m u e l C o l e r i d g e , W i l l i a m W o r d s w o r t h , C h a r l e s D i c k e n s , T h o m a s C a r l y l e , J e r e m y B e n t h a m , a n d C h a r l e s D a r w i n . K e a t s , B y r o n , a n d S h e l l e y w e r e p e r s o n a l f r i e n d s w h o b e n e f i t e d f r o m H u n t s g r a c i o u s n e s s . S u c h g r e a t c o m p a n y h a s g i v e n L e i g h H u n t a d i s t i n g u i s h e d s t a t u s . < / P > < P > D u r i n g H u n t s l i f e t i m e E n g l a n d e n g a g e d i n t h e R e v o l u t i o n a r y W a r a n d t h e W a r o f 1 8 1 2 w i t h A m e r i c a , a n d t h e 2 3 y e a r p e r i o d o f t h e N a p o l e o n i c W a r s w i t h F r a n c e . D u r i n g H u n t s l i f e t i m e t h e F r e n c h R e v o l u t i o n o c c u r r e d a n d N a p o l e o n b e c a m e E m p e r o r o f F r a n c e . L a t e r i n h i s l i f e t i m e , s t e a m e n g i n e s c r e a t e d a n i n d u s t r i a l r e v o l u t i o n , a n d D a r w i n s a i l e d t o t h e G a l a p a g o s I s l a n d s a n d r e p o r t e d h i s f i n d i n g s . D u r i n g a t h r e e y e a r p e r i o d H u n t s f r i e n d s a n d s u p p o r t e r s , K e a t s , S h e l l e y , a n d B y r o n a l l d i e d a t y o u n g a g e s . < / P > < P > < B > Y o u n g L e i g h H u n t < / B > < / P > < P > L e i g h H u n t w a s b o r n i n t o a p o o r f a m i l y n e a r L o n d o n i n 1 7 8 4 a n d a t t e n d e d s c h o o l i n L o n d o n a t C h r i s t s H o s p i t a l , a s c h o o l f o u n d e d 2 4 0 y e a r s e a r l i e r f o r t h e e d u c a t i o n o f p o o r c h i l d r e n . F o l l o w i n g h i s s c h o o l i n g , H u n t t o o k a j o b a s a c l e r k i n t h e w a r o f f i c e . < / P > < P > I n 1 8 0 5 H u n t p a r t n e r e d w i t h h i s o l d e r b r o t h e r , J o h n , a p r i n t e r , t o e s t a b l i s h a n e w s p a p e r c a l l e d < I > T h e N e w s . < / I > T h r e e y e a r s l a t e r t h e b r o t h e r s a b a n d o n e d t h e n e w s p a p e r a n d c r e a t e d a p o l i t i c a l w e e k l y t h a t e s t a b l i s h e d t h e i r l i b e r a l r e p u t a t i o n c a l l e d t h e < I > E x a m i n e r . < / I > A m o n g o t h e r t o p i c s , t h e < I > E x a m i n e r < / I > c a l l e d f o r m a n y r e f o r m s i n P a r l i a m e n t , c r i t i c i z e d K i n g G e o r g e I I I , a n d s u p p o r t e d t h e a b o l i t i o n o f s l a v e r y . < / P > < P > T h e p o w e r o f j o u r n a l i s m c a m e o f a g e d u r i n g t h i s p e r i o d o f E n g l i s h h i s t o r y w i t h t h e p u b l i s h i n g o f n u m e r o u s c r i t i c a l n e w s p a p e r s w h i c h c o l l e c t i v e l y b e c a m e k n o w n a s " t h e r a d i c a l p r e s s . " C o n s e q u e n t l y , t h e g o v e r n m e n t b e c a m e v e r y b u s y , t h o u g h m o s t l y u n s u c c e s s f u l l y , p r o s e c u t i n g " t h e r a d i c a l p r e s s " f o r s e d i t i o u s l i b e l . < / P > < P > I n 1 8 1 2 t h e H u n t s w r o t e a n a r t i c l e i n t h e < I > E x a m i n e r < / I > t h a t c a l l e d t h e P r i n c e R e g e n t , t h e f u t u r e K i n g G e o r g e I V , " a v i o l a t o r o f h i s w o r d , a l i b e r t i n e o v e r h e a d a n d e a r s i n d i s g r a c e , a d e s p i s e r o f d o m e s t i c t i e s , t h e c o m p a n i o n o f g a m b l e r s a n d d e m i r e p s . " A s a r e s u l t , J o h n a n d L e i g h H u n t w e r e c o n v i c t e d b y a j u r y o f l i b e l a n d s e n t e n c e d t o t w o y e a r s i n p r i s o n . < / P > < P > T h o u g h h e c o n t i n u e d t o w r i t e f o r t h e < I > E x a m i n e r < / I > w h i l e i n p r i s o n , L e i g h H u n t s m i s e r y d u r i n g h i s s e p a r a t i o n f r o m h i s f a m i l y c o n v i n c e d h i m t o t u r n a w a y f r o m p o l i t i c a l w r i t i n g a n d t o f o c u s o n l i t e r a r y w r i t i n g . < / P > < P > < B > S h e l l e y a n d K e a t s < / B > < / P > < P > S h o r t l y a f t e r b e i n g r e l e a s e d f r o m p r i s o n , L e i g h H u n t m o v e d i n t o w h a t w o u l d b e c o m e h i s f a v o r i t e h o u s e i n H a m p s t e a d w h e r e h e w a s a b l e t o s p e n d p r e c i o u s t i m e w i t h h i s w i f e a n d t h r e e c h i l d r e n a n d w i t h h i s l i t e r a r y f r i e n d s . A m o n g t h o s e f r i e n d s w h o s t a y e d w i t h H u n t f o r p e r i o d s o f t i m e i n h i s H a m p s t e a d h o u s e w e r e P e r c y B y s s h e S h e l l e y a n d J o h n K e a t s . < / P > < P > H u n t h a d e a r l i e r i n t r o d u c e d t h e w o r l d t o t h e w r i t i n g s o f K e a t s a n d S h e l l e y i n t h e p a g e s o f t h e < I > E x a m i n e r . < / I > H i s s e c t i o n o n " Y o u n g P o e t s " g a v e K e a t s a n d S h e l l e y a c c e s s t o v a l u a b l e s p a c e w h e r e s o m e o f t h e i r f i r s t w o r k s w e r e p u b l i s h e d . < / P > < P > K e a t s w e l c o m e d H u n t s t u t e l a g e f o r a b o u t a y e a r . H e b r o k e a w a y f r o m H u n t w h e n a c r i t i c l a b e l e d H u n t a n d K e a t s a s m e m b e r s o f " T h e C o c k n e y S c h o o l o f P o e t r y . " < / P > < P > I n 1 8 1 8 S h e l l e y a n d h i s f a m i l y d e c i d e d t o m o v e t o I t a l y f o r h e a l t h a n d f i n a n c i a l r e a s o n s . H i s f r i e n d , L o r d B y r o n , w a s l i v i n g i n I t a l y a t t h e t i m e a n d t h e t w o c o r r e s p o n d e d f o r s e v e r a l y e a r s w h i l e e a c h l i v e d i n d i f f e r e n t p a r t s o f I t a l y . < / P > < P > I n 1 8 2 1 , w h e n S h e l l e y a n d B y r o n w e r e b o t h l i v i n g i n P i s a , S h e l l e y e n v i s i o n e d a n e w m a g a z i n e c a l l e d < I > T h e L i b e r a l , < / I > w h i c h S h e l l e y , B y r o n , a n d f r i e n d , L e i g h H u n t , w o u l d p u b l i s h i n I t a l y . S h e l l e y s e n t m o n e y a n d a n i n v i t a t i o n t o H u n t a n d p r o m i s e d t o p r o v i d e a h o u s e a n d i n c o m e f o r H u n t a n d h i s l a r g e f a m i l y . < / P > < P > H u n t l i k e d t h e p r o s p e c t o f j o i n i n g S h e l l e y a n d B y r o n i n I t a l y a n d t o o k h i s f a m i l y t o G e n o a a n d t h e n t o L e g h o r n t o m e e t S h e l l e y . A f t e r t h e i r m e e t i n g H u n t a n d h i s f a m i l y w e n t t o P i s a t o j o i n B y r o n , a n d S h e l l e y s e t s a i l i n h i s b o a t , t h e D o n J u a n , f o r h i s h o m e u p t h e c o a s t a t C a s a M a g n i . < / P > < P > S h e l l e y s b o a t w a s c a u g h t i n a t h u n d e r s t o r m a n d s a n k . S h e l l e y s b o d y a n d h i s c r e w w a s h e d a s h o r e i n C o r s i c a a f e w d a y s l a t e r . L o c a l h e a l t h l a w s p r o h i b i t e d t h e m o v i n g o f t h e b o d i e s t o R o m e o r P i s a , s o a m o n t h l a t e r H u n t , B y r o n , a n d f a m i l y m e m b e r s a t t e n d e d a c r e m a t i o n o f S h e l l e y s b o d y . A f t e r t h e c r e m a t i o n H u n t e n d e d u p i n p o s s e s s i o n o f S h e l l e y s h e a r t , w h i c h h e e v e n t u a l l y r e t u r n e d t o S h e l l e y s w i f e , M a r y . < / P > < P > T h e r e a f t e r , L o r d B y r o n l o s t i n t e r e s t i n < I > T h e L i b e r a l < / I > a n d s o o n l e f t I t a l y t o t a k e a c o m m a n d i n g i n t e r e s t i n t h e c i v i l w a r u n f o l d i n g i n G r e e c e . B y r o n d i e d i n G r e e c e o f r e s p i r a t o r y d i s e a s e a n d f e v e r i n 1 8 2 4 . < / P > < P > < B > B a c k t o E n g l a n d < / B > < / P > < P > H u n t a n d h i s f a m i l y w e r e l e f t i n I t a l y w i t h o u t t h e i r f r i e n d s a n d w i t h o u t a n i n c o m e . H u n t p u b l i s h e d a f e w e d i t i o n s o f < I > T h e L i b e r a l , < / I > b u t i t l a c k e d h e a r t a n d s o u l a n d f a i l e d . H u n t r e c e i v e d a n a d v a n c e f o r l i t e r a r y w o r k s a n d t o o k h i s f a m i l y , w h i c h n o w i n c l u d e d s e v e n c h i l d r e n , b a c k t o E n g l a n d . < / P > < P > S h o r t l y a f t e r r e t u r n i n g f r o m I t a l y , H u n t m o v e d t o C h e l s e a i n L o n d o n a n d b e c a m e n e i g h b o r t o p o e t a n d a u t h o r , T h o m a s C a r l y l e , a t h i s s u g g e s t i o n . T h e t w o b e c a m e c l o s e f r i e n d s a n d H u n t s C h e l s e a h o m e , a s h i s H a m p s t e a d h o m e h a d b e e n , w a s a l w a y s o p e n t o h i s c i r c l e o f f r i e n d s , o f w h i c h t h e r e w e r e m a n y . < / P > < P > O n e w i n t e r H u n t w a s s i c k w i t h i n f l u e n z a a n d a b s e n t f o r s o l o n g t h a t w h e n h e f i n a l l y r e c o v e r e d a n d w e n t t o v i s i t t h e C a r l y l e s , J a n e j u m p e d u p a n d k i s s e d h i m a s s o o n a s h e a p p e a r e d a t t h e d o o r . T w o d a y s l a t e r o n e o f t h e H u n t s e r v a n t s d e l i v e r e d a n o t e , a d d r e s s e d , " F r o m M r . H u n t t o M r s . C a r l y l e . " I t c o n t a i n e d t h e p o e m , " J e n n y K i s s e d M e . " < / P > < P > H u n t w a s i m p o v e r i s h e d m o s t o f h i s l i f e . C h a r l e s D i c k e n s w a s i n s t r u m e n t a l i n a g i t a t i n g t h e g o v e r n m e n t f o r t h e g r a n t o f a p e n s i o n t o b e p a i d t o E n g l a n d s n e e d y a u t h o r s . I n 1 8 4 7 H u n t b e g a n r e c e i v i n g t h e p e n s i o n w h i c h e a s e d , b u t d i d n o t e l i m i n a t e , h i s f i n a n c i a l c o n s t r a i n t s . < / P > < P > T h e p u b l i c a t i o n o f D i c k e n s n o v e l , < I > B l e a k H o u s e , < / I > c o n s i d e r e d b y s o m e c r i t i c s t o b e h i s f i n e s t w o r k , t h o u g h c e r t a i n l y n o t h i s m o s t p o p u l a r , i n c l u d e d a c h a r a c t e r s a i d t o b e m o d e l e d a f t e r L e i g h H u n t . T h e b o o k c a u s e d a r i f t t o d e v e l o p b e t w e e n D i c k e n s a n d H u n t . < / P > < P > T h e < I > B l e a k H o u s e < / I > c h a r a c t e r , H a r o l d S k i m p o l e , w a s d e s c r i b e d a s " a i r y , i m p r o v i d e n t a n d o b j e c t i o n a b l e . " S k i m p o l e c l a i m e d t o b e a c h i l d w h e n i t c a m e t o f i n a n c e s a n d m a n a g e d t o h a v e e v e r y o n e e l s e p a y h i s w a y t h r o u g h l i f e . < / P > < P > T h o u g h D i c k e n s d e n i e d t h a t t h i s w a s a c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n o f H u n t a n d o f f e r e d a p o l o g i e s , H u n t a n d h i s l i t e r a r y f r i e n d s w e r e o f f e n d e d . < / P > < P > L e i g h H u n t d i e d i n 1 8 5 9 a t a g e 7 5 , w e l l - r e m e m b e r e d b y h i s m a n y f r i e n d s . W i l l i a m H a z l i t t , t h e p a i n t e r a n d w r i t e r , s a i d t h a t " i n c o n v e r s a t i o n h e i s a l l l i f e a n d a n i m a t i o n , c o m b i n i n g t h e v i v a c i t y o f t h e s c h o o l - b o y w i t h t h e r e s o u r c e s o f t h e w i t a n d t h e t a s t e o f t h e s c h o l a r . " < / P >
Author: Garry Gamber
Author Bio:
Garry Gamber
Garry is a public school teacher and entrepreneur. He is formerly a retail store manager and purchasing agent. Garry enjoys teaching writing skills to young students and helping them to prepare for a productive lifestyle. He is an avid bicyclist who has cycled across America, through Europe, and to Alaska. Garry enjoys writing about politics, health and nutrition, real estate, and internet dating services. His favorite quote is, "You have to live a lot of years to be as wise as I am."
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Joan Bauer Author
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Author Larry Dane Brimner
Website of children's book author Larry Dane Brimner. Includes information about his school assemblies, books, and writing workshops for adults.